The core purpose of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), discovered in the early 90s is to maintain homeostasis (balance) through various physical and cognitive processes. The complexities of the ECS have already been linked to critical functions of our bodies such as our immune system responses, sleep, pain, and the reproductive system. The receptors of our ECS are throughout the body in skin, organs, bones, tissues, and glands. CBD and THC interact with our bodies through these receptors which is why CBD can allow people to feel pain relief or decreases in inflammation and is a successful treatment for certain medical conditions.
The reason it is thought that CBD can aid fertility is that the chemical structure of the compound looks very similar to the endocannabinoid hormones our body produces. Furthermore, endocannabinoid receptors have been discovered to be present in the female reproductive tract and in sperm. Some think that this means endocannabinoids can either boost ovarian function and follicle maturation or can help increase the ability of a sperm to fertilize an egg. It is thought that CBD can be a way to help achieve these results due to its similarity to our endocannabinoid hormones. These theories are exciting, and studies are being conducted to determine if they hold any ground but so far, these are still just theories. There is no evidence that CBD has any positive effect of fertility in either men or women.